I. Miolo, M. and Damhuri 2026. Transforming Maharah al-Kalam Learning in the Digital Era: A Theoretical Perspective on Modern Pedagogy. Al-Kalim : Jurnal Pendidikan Bahasa Arab dan Kebahasaaraban. 5, 1 (Apr. 2026), 32–53. DOI:https://doi.org/10.60040/jak.v5i1.236.